Sanatan Dharma Guru

Sanatan Dharma Guru refers to spiritual teachers and leaders within Sanatan Dharma (सनातन धर्म), which is the eternal and ancient tradition of Hinduism. These gurus are revered for their deep spiritual knowledge, wisdom, and guidance on Vedic teachings, Dharma (righteous living), and Moksha (liberation).

Prominent Sanatan Dharma Gurus in History

1. Adi Shankaracharya (788–820 CE) – Revived Hinduism and established the Advaita Vedanta philosophy.
2. Swami Vivekananda (1863–1902) – Popularized Hinduism and Vedanta worldwide through his speech at the 1893 Parliament of Religions.
3. Sri Ramakrishna Paramhansa (1836–1886) – Taught the unity of all religions and spiritual experiences.
4. Maharishi Ved Vyasa – Authored the Mahabharata and classified the Vedas.
5. Rishi Valmiki – Wrote the Ramayana and preached dharma through Lord Rama’s life.
6. Swami Dayananda Saraswati (1824–1883) – Founded Arya Samaj and promoted Vedic knowledge.
7. Paramahansa Yogananda (1893–1952) – Introduced Kriya Yoga to the West and wrote Autobiography of a Yogi.

Modern-Day Sanatan Dharma Gurus

1. Jagadguru Shri Kripalu Ji Maharaj – Preached Bhakti Yoga and devotion to Lord Krishna.
2. Sri Sri Ravi Shankar – Founder of the Art of Living Foundation.
3. Sadhguru Jaggi Vasudev – Founder of the Isha Foundation, spreading yoga and spirituality.
4. Swami Ramdev (Baba Ramdev) – Popularized yoga and Ayurveda worldwide.
5. Swami Avdheshanand Giri Ji Maharaj – A key leader of Hindu spiritual organizations.
6. Swami Sivananda Saraswati – Established the Divine Life Society for spiritual learning.
7. Mata Amritanandamayi (Amma) – Known for her humanitarian work and teachings on love and compassion.

Role of a Sanatan Dharma Guru

• Guiding disciples on Dharma, Karma, and Moksha.
• Teaching the scriptures like Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, and Puranas.
• Promoting meditation, yoga, and spiritual practices.
• Leading social and humanitarian efforts.
• Encouraging unity among different spiritual paths.

What is Required Sanatan Dharma Guru

Qualities and Requirements of a Sanatan Dharma Guru

A Sanatan Dharma Guru is a spiritual teacher who imparts wisdom based on Hindu scriptures, guides seekers on the path of righteousness (Dharma), and helps individuals attain self-realization (Moksha). Such a guru must possess specific qualities and fulfill certain requirements to be considered authentic and effective in guiding others.

1. Scriptural Knowledge (Shastra Gyana)

A Sanatan Dharma Guru must have deep knowledge of:
✅ Vedas – The foundational texts of Hinduism.
✅ Upanishads – Philosophical teachings on the nature of self (Atman) and Brahman (Supreme Reality).
✅ Bhagavad Gita – The ultimate guide to Dharma and devotion.
✅ Ramayana & Mahabharata – Epics teaching practical Dharma.
✅ Puranas & Smritis – Stories and rules for righteous living.

2. Spiritual Realization (Brahma Gyana)

A true guru is not just a scholar but also a realized soul who has:
✅ Experienced oneness with Brahman (Supreme Consciousness).
✅ Attained inner peace and detachment from material desires.
✅ Understood the law of karma and the cycle of birth & death.

3. Moral and Ethical Purity (Sadachara)

A guru must lead by example and practice what they teach:
✅ Honesty, truthfulness, and non-violence (Ahimsa).
✅ Detachment from materialistic desires and greed.
✅ Celibacy (Brahmacharya) or righteous family life (Grihastha Dharma).
✅ Compassion, humility, and patience in dealing with disciples.

4. Ability to Guide & Teach (Upadesh Kartavya)

A guru must be an effective teacher who can:
✅ Explain complex spiritual concepts in a simple manner.
✅ Guide students according to their nature (Gunas: Sattva, Rajas, Tamas).
✅ Provide practical spiritual disciplines like meditation, yoga, and mantra chanting.
✅ Encourage disciples to follow Swadharma (personal duty).

5. Disciplic Succession (Guru Parampara)

A guru should be part of an authentic lineage (parampara) to ensure the purity of teachings:
✅ Must have been trained under a self-realized master.
✅ Must not modify teachings for personal benefit or fame.
✅ Should maintain the Vedic tradition without distortion.

6. Service to Humanity (Seva & Bhakti)

A Sanatan Dharma Guru must dedicate their life to:
✅ Selfless service (Seva) – Helping others without expecting rewards.
✅ Protecting Dharma from false interpretations.
✅ Guiding society in times of moral and ethical crisis.
✅ Spreading Bhakti (devotion) and leading people toward divine love.

7. Recognized by Devotees & Saints

A guru is not self-proclaimed but is:
✅ Accepted by other spiritual masters and saints.
✅ Respected for their wisdom, humility, and dedication.
✅ Recognized for having no selfish motives or hidden agendas.

Conclusion

A true Sanatan Dharma Guru is:
✔ A scholar of scriptures 📖
✔ A self-realized spiritual guide 🧘‍♂️
✔ A living example of Dharma ⚖️
✔ A compassionate teacher ❤️
✔ A selfless servant of humanity 🙏

Who is Required Sanatan Dharma Guru

A Sanatan Dharma Guru should be a self-realized master who follows the eternal principles of Hinduism and can guide others on the path of righteousness (Dharma), devotion (Bhakti), and self-realization (Moksha).

If you are searching for a true guru in today’s world, you should look for one who possesses the authentic qualities described in the scriptures and follows a genuine spiritual lineage.

1. Who Can Be Considered a Required Sanatan Dharma Guru?

A true Sanatan Dharma Guru should be:
✅ A realized soul – Someone who has attained Brahma Gyana (knowledge of the Absolute Truth).
✅ A teacher of Dharma – One who follows and teaches the eternal principles of Sanatan Dharma.
✅ A guide to Moksha – One who helps disciples achieve liberation from the cycle of birth and death.
✅ A protector of Vedic knowledge – One who preserves and spreads authentic scriptural wisdom.

2. Examples of True Sanatan Dharma Gurus

Throughout history, many enlightened saints and teachers have guided humanity:

Ancient Gurus (Scriptural Authorities)

1. Adi Shankaracharya – Propagator of Advaita Vedanta.
2. Rishi Ved Vyasa – Compiler of the Vedas and writer of the Mahabharata.
3. Rishi Valmiki – Author of the Ramayana.
4. Guru Vashishtha – Guru of Lord Rama.
5. Guru Dronacharya – Guru of the Pandavas and Kauravas.

Modern-Day Sanatan Dharma Gurus

1. Swami Vivekananda – Spread Hindu philosophy to the world.
2. Paramahansa Yogananda – Introduced Kriya Yoga and wrote Autobiography of a Yogi.
3. Sri Sri Ravi Shankar – Founder of the Art of Living Foundation.
4. Sadhguru Jaggi Vasudev – Founder of Isha Foundation, promoting yoga and self-awareness.
5. Baba Ramdev – Popularized yoga and Ayurveda.
6. Mata Amritanandamayi (Amma) – Known for humanitarian service and teachings of love and devotion.

3. How to Identify Your Required Guru?

If you are looking for a personal guru to guide you in Sanatan Dharma, consider these factors:

✔ Authentic Lineage (Guru Parampara) – Check if the guru belongs to an unbroken spiritual tradition.
✔ Scriptural Mastery – The guru should teach from Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, and other Hindu scriptures.
✔ Self-Realization – A guru must have attained enlightenment, not just theoretical knowledge.
✔ Moral and Ethical Conduct – Look for humility, selflessness, and detachment from materialism.
✔ Service to Humanity – A true guru should work for the welfare of others without personal gain.
✔ Respected by Other Saints – A true guru is recognized and respected by other enlightened beings.

4. Is There a Required Guru for Everyone?

Yes! Sanatan Dharma believes that when the student is ready, the guru appears. You should:

🙏 Pray for divine guidance – Chant “Guru Brahma Guru Vishnu” and meditate.
📖 Study the scriptures – Read Bhagavad Gita, Upanishads, and Ramayana.
🔍 Observe different gurus – Follow their teachings and test their wisdom.
❤️ Trust your inner intuition – The right guru will resonate with your soul.

When is Required Sanatan Dharma Guru

Courtesy: Sadhguru

A Sanatan Dharma Guru is required when a seeker is ready to progress on the path of Dharma (righteousness), Bhakti (devotion), Jnana (knowledge), and Moksha (liberation). The guru provides guidance, wisdom, and spiritual discipline to help the disciple navigate life’s challenges and reach self-realization.

1. A Guru is Required in These Situations:

🔹 When Seeking Spiritual Knowledge (Jnana Yoga)

• If you are confused about life’s purpose and need clarity on Dharma.
• If you want to understand scriptures like the Vedas, Upanishads, and Bhagavad Gita.

🔹 When Facing Life Challenges (Karma Yoga)

• If you are experiencing suffering, doubt, or confusion in life.
• If you want to learn how to overcome karma and live righteously.

🔹 When Searching for Inner Peace (Bhakti Yoga)

• If you feel disconnected from God and wish to deepen your devotion.
• If you want guidance on mantras, meditation, and spiritual practices.

🔹 When Preparing for Liberation (Moksha Yoga)

• If you are tired of material desires and seek liberation from the cycle of birth and death.
• If you want to experience self-realization (Atma Gyana) and union with the Divine.

2. Scriptural Teachings on the Right Time for a Guru

📖 Bhagavad Gita (4.34):
“Tad viddhi pranipatena pariprashnena sevaya,
Upadekshyanti te jnanam jnaninas tattva-darshinah.”

🔹 Meaning: “Approach a self-realized guru with humility, sincere questioning, and service. Such wise gurus will impart true knowledge.”

📖 Mundaka Upanishad (1.2.12):
“Tadvijnanartham sa gurum evabhigacchet,
Samit-panih shrotriyam brahma-nishtham.”

🔹 Meaning: “To realize the truth, one must seek a guru who is well-versed in the scriptures and established in Brahman.”

3. When Does a Guru Appear?

🔹 When the Seeker is Ready – The guru comes when a disciple is sincere and spiritually inclined.
🔹 When the Need for Guidance is Deep – If life feels directionless, a guru can show the path to truth.
🔹 When There is a Desire for Liberation – If a person is ready to go beyond material life, a guru helps in the path to Moksha.
🔹 When Karma Leads to the Right Guru – A true guru-disciple connection happens by divine will and past karmas.

✨ “When the student is ready, the guru appears.” – Sanatan Dharma Principle

4. Conclusion

A Sanatan Dharma Guru is required when you seek:
✔ Spiritual knowledge and self-realization
✔ Guidance to overcome life’s struggles
✔ Inner peace and devotion to God
✔ Liberation (Moksha) from the cycle of rebirth

Where is Required Sanatan Dharma Guru

A Sanatan Dharma Guru is required wherever people seek spiritual guidance, truth, and liberation (Moksha). The presence of a guru is essential in places where Dharma (righteousness) needs to be established, knowledge needs to be spread, and seekers need direction.

1. A Sanatan Dharma Guru is Required in These Places:

🔹 Temples and Ashrams – To preserve and teach Vedic knowledge, rituals, and spiritual practices.
🔹 Homes and Families – To guide people in living a Dharmic life with values, devotion, and discipline.
🔹 Schools and Universities – To teach Hindu scriptures like the Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, and Ramayana.
🔹 Religious Gatherings (Satsangs, Kumbh Mela, etc.) – To enlighten masses with spiritual wisdom and Bhakti.
🔹 Society and Leadership – To ensure Dharma is followed in governance, justice, and social ethics.

📖 Bhagavad Gita (4.7-8):
“Whenever there is a decline in Dharma and an increase in Adharma, I manifest myself to protect the righteous and restore Dharma.”

A guru plays a vital role in this divine restoration of Dharma.

2. Where to Find a True Sanatan Dharma Guru?

✅ In Ancient Traditions and Lineages

• Gurus who come from an authentic spiritual lineage (Guru Parampara).
• Example: Jagadguru Shankaracharyas, Vaishnav Acharyas, Shaiva Siddhanta Gurus.

✅ In Reputed Spiritual Centers

• Kanchi, Sringeri, Dwarka, Puri, Rishikesh, Varanasi, Vrindavan, Haridwar, Ayodhya, Tirupati, Kashi, Ujjain.
• Many ashrams have self-realized masters guiding seekers.

✅ Within Yourself

• The ultimate guru resides in the heart as Self (Atman).
• Meditation and sincere seeking lead to an inner connection with a guru.

✨ “Guru Brahma, Guru Vishnu, Guru Devo Maheshwara…”
(The Guru is Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva – the Supreme Guide in all forms.)

3. Conclusion

A Sanatan Dharma Guru is required wherever Dharma needs to be upheld—in temples, ashrams, schools, homes, and society. If you are searching for a guru, seek authentic spiritual traditions and self-realized masters.

How is Required Sanatan Dharma Guru

A Sanatan Dharma Guru is required as a spiritual guide, teacher, and mentor who helps seekers understand Dharma (righteousness), Bhakti (devotion), Jnana (knowledge), and Moksha (liberation). The need for a guru arises when a person seeks higher wisdom, inner peace, and self-realization.

1. How Does a Sanatan Dharma Guru Help?

🔹 Guides on the Path of Dharma – Teaches how to live a righteous and meaningful life.
🔹 Teaches Sacred Knowledge – Explains the Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, Ramayana, and Puranas.
🔹 Shows the Way to Moksha – Helps disciples attain spiritual enlightenment and liberation.
🔹 Removes Ignorance (Avidya) – Clears doubts and misconceptions about God, karma, and existence.
🔹 Protects from Adharma (Unrighteousness) – Ensures that seekers do not fall into wrong paths.

📖 Bhagavad Gita (4.34):
“Approach a self-realized guru with humility, sincere questioning, and service. The guru will impart true knowledge.”

2. How to Identify a True Sanatan Dharma Guru?

A true guru has the following qualities:

✅ Authentic Lineage (Guru Parampara) – Belongs to a recognized spiritual tradition.
✅ Master of Scriptures – Knows and teaches Vedas, Bhagavad Gita, and Upanishads.
✅ Lives a Dharmic Life – Practices what he preaches with truthfulness, humility, and selflessness.
✅ Self-Realized – Has attained Brahma Gyana (knowledge of the Absolute Truth).
✅ Compassionate and Selfless – Works for the upliftment of humanity without greed.

📖 Mundaka Upanishad (1.2.12):
“To gain true knowledge, one must approach a guru who is well-versed in scriptures and established in Brahman.”

3. How Does One Find a Guru?

🔹 Through Prayer and Meditation – Sincerely pray for divine guidance; the guru will appear when you are ready.
🔹 Through Study of Scriptures – Reading Bhagavad Gita and Upanishads helps recognize a real guru.
🔹 Through Spiritual Communities – Visit temples, ashrams, and satsangs where enlightened masters teach.
🔹 Through Inner Intuition – The right guru resonates with your soul and guides without personal interest.

✨ “When the disciple is ready, the guru appears.” – Sanatan Dharma Principle

4. Conclusion

A Sanatan Dharma Guru is required for spiritual growth, wisdom, and ultimate liberation. Finding the right guru involves seeking knowledge, practicing devotion, and being open to divine guidance.

Case Study on Sanatan Dharma Guru

Courtesy: Bhakti Veena

The Role of a Sanatan Dharma Guru in Spiritual and Social Transformation

Introduction

A Sanatan Dharma Guru is not just a spiritual teacher but also a guide who helps individuals and society evolve through Dharma (righteousness), Jnana (knowledge), and Seva (selfless service). This case study explores the life and impact of Jagadguru Adi Shankaracharya, one of the greatest Sanatan Dharma Gurus, and how his teachings transformed Hindu philosophy and society.

Case Study: Adi Shankaracharya – The Reviver of Sanatan Dharma

1. Background of Adi Shankaracharya

• Born in 788 CE in Kalady, Kerala.
• Showed spiritual brilliance from childhood and became a monk (Sannyasi) at a young age.
• Traveled across India to restore the Vedic way of life and unify Hindu philosophy.

2. Challenges Faced

During Adi Shankaracharya’s time, Hindu society was divided due to:
🔹 The rise of ritualistic orthodoxy and superstition.
🔹 Conflicts between various schools of thought (Advaita, Dvaita, etc.).
🔹 The decline of Vedic knowledge and increasing foreign influences.

3. Guru’s Role in Revival of Sanatan Dharma

✅ Unification of Hindu Philosophy

• Established the Advaita Vedanta philosophy, explaining that all beings are one with Brahman (Supreme Reality).
• Debated and defeated scholars from Buddhism and other schools to restore Vedic authority.

✅ Establishment of Four Mathas (Monastic Centers)

• Set up Shankaracharya Peethas in Dwarka, Puri, Sringeri, and Badrinath.
• These centers continue to spread Vedic knowledge and protect Sanatan Dharma.

✅ Writing Commentaries on Hindu Scriptures

• Authored Bhashyas (commentaries) on the Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, and Brahma Sutras.
• These texts became the foundation for future Hindu philosophical teachings.

✅ Reviving Pilgrimage Culture

• Encouraged pilgrimages to sacred places like Kashi, Rameshwaram, and Kedarnath.
• Strengthened the spiritual unity of Bharat (India).

✅ Preaching Practical Dharma

• Advocated for self-discipline, self-realization, and devotion to God.
• Urged people to balance Jnana (knowledge), Bhakti (devotion), and Karma (action).

4. Impact and Legacy

📌 Reunited Hindu society under a single Vedic philosophy.
📌 Revived temples, rituals, and traditions that were declining.
📌 Inspired countless saints, gurus, and reformers like Swami Vivekananda and Ramakrishna Paramahansa.
📌 Sanatan Dharma continues to thrive globally due to his contributions.

Conclusion

Adi Shankaracharya’s role as a Sanatan Dharma Guru proves that a true guru is not just a teacher but also a reformer and protector of Dharma. His teachings continue to guide seekers toward self-realization and spiritual enlightenment.

White paper on Sanatan Dharma Guru

1. Introduction Sanatan Dharma, often referred to as the eternal religion, is the foundational spiritual system that has guided human civilization for millennia. Central to its transmission and preservation is the role of the Sanatan Dharma Guru, a spiritual teacher who imparts wisdom, fosters ethical living, and leads seekers on the path to self-realization. This white paper explores the significance, qualifications, responsibilities, and contemporary relevance of a Sanatan Dharma Guru.

2. The Significance of a Sanatan Dharma Guru A Guru in Sanatan Dharma is not merely a teacher but a beacon of divine knowledge and enlightenment. The term “Guru” means “dispeller of darkness,” symbolizing the removal of ignorance and the bestowal of spiritual wisdom. The Guru is essential in:

• Preserving and transmitting the teachings of the Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, and Puranas.
• Providing personal spiritual guidance to disciples.
• Upholding Dharma (righteousness) and moral values in society.
• Facilitating spiritual evolution leading to Moksha (liberation).

3. Qualifications of a True Sanatan Dharma Guru A true Guru possesses the following attributes:

• Spiritual Realization: Direct experience of the Absolute Truth (Brahman) rather than theoretical knowledge alone.
• Scriptural Mastery: Deep understanding of Hindu scriptures and their practical application.
• Ethical Conduct: Living a life of purity, self-discipline, and detachment from material desires.
• Compassionate Leadership: Guiding disciples with patience, humility, and wisdom.
• Unbroken Lineage (Guru Parampara): Being part of an authentic spiritual lineage ensures the preservation of traditional teachings.

4. Responsibilities of a Sanatan Dharma Guru A Guru serves multiple roles, including:

• Spiritual Guide: Teaching sacred scriptures and guiding disciples in their spiritual practices.
• Social Reformer: Addressing social issues through Dharma-based solutions.
• Mentor and Counselor: Offering guidance on ethical dilemmas and personal challenges.
• Preserver of Tradition: Ensuring that ancient teachings remain relevant in modern times.
• Interfaith Ambassador: Promoting unity and dialogue among various religious traditions.

5. Contemporary Relevance of Sanatan Dharma Gurus In today’s fast-paced, materialistic world, the role of a Guru is more important than ever. Gurus provide:

• Mental Peace and Clarity: Helping individuals cope with stress through meditation and spiritual practices.
• Ethical Leadership: Inspiring individuals and leaders to make Dharma-based decisions.
• Global Spiritual Awakening: Promoting universal values of peace, non-violence, and self-awareness.

6. Case Studies of Influential Sanatan Dharma Gurus

• Adi Shankaracharya (788–820 CE): Unified Hindu philosophy through Advaita Vedanta and established four major mathas (monastic centers).
• Swami Vivekananda (1863–1902): Spread Sanatan Dharma to the West, emphasizing the universality of Vedantic teachings.
• Sri Ramana Maharshi (1879–1950): Taught self-inquiry as the path to self-realization.
• Sri Sri Ravi Shankar (1956–present): Founder of the Art of Living Foundation, promoting spiritual growth and stress management worldwide.

7. Conclusion The Sanatan Dharma Guru is an indispensable pillar of spiritual and social well-being. As humanity faces increasing moral and existential crises, the guidance of enlightened Gurus remains vital for personal growth, societal harmony, and the preservation of timeless wisdom. It is essential to recognize, support, and uphold the teachings of true Gurus to ensure the continued evolution of Dharma.

8. Recommendations

• Seek Authentic Gurus: Follow those with genuine spiritual realization and scriptural knowledge.
• Promote Ethical Living: Integrate Guru teachings into daily life to cultivate peace and righteousness.
• Support Spiritual Institutions: Engage with ashrams, temples, and spiritual organizations preserving Dharma.
• Encourage Youth Participation: Educate younger generations about Sanatan Dharma’s relevance in modern life.

This white paper highlights the critical role of Sanatan Dharma Gurus in shaping a spiritually awakened and morally strong society. Their timeless wisdom continues to be the guiding light for humanity’s collective evolution.

Industrial Application of Sanatan Dharma Guru

Courtesy: Bhajan Marg

The Industrial Application of Sanatan Dharma can be understood by integrating its core principles into business ethics, leadership, sustainability, and human resource management. Here are some key areas where Sanatan Dharma’s wisdom can be applied in an industrial or corporate setting:

1. Ethical Business Practices (Dharma)

• Upholding truth (Satya) and righteousness (Dharma) in business dealings.
• Fair wages, ethical labor practices, and honest financial reporting.
• Transparent corporate governance.

2. Sustainable Business Models (Ahimsa & Environmental Responsibility)

• Aligning industries with environmental sustainability, inspired by Vedic teachings.
• Using renewable energy, eco-friendly packaging, and sustainable production methods.
• Promoting Ahimsa (non-violence) by ensuring cruelty-free products.

3. Leadership & Human Resource Management (Karma Yoga)

• Leading with selfless service (Seva) and detachment from selfish gains (Nishkama Karma).
• Implementing holistic employee well-being programs, including meditation, yoga, and ethical training.
• Encouraging teamwork, respect, and harmony in the workplace.

4. Just-In-Time (JIT) & Lean Management (Kaizen & Simplicity)

• The principle of “Aparigraha” (non-hoarding) aligns with JIT manufacturing, reducing waste.
• Continuous Improvement (Kaizen) is in sync with Sanatan Dharma’s idea of self-evolution.

5. Innovation & Science (Vedantic Approach)

• R&D based on Vedic sciences (Ayurveda, Vaastu, Yoga, Astrology).
• Encouraging a growth mindset with the Sattvic approach (pure, balanced, and focused innovation).

6. Industrial Relations (Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam)

• Treating employees, customers, and suppliers as one family.
• Encouraging corporate social responsibility (CSR) and community welfare.

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43. Pertz, Stefan (2013). The Guru in smiti – Critical Perspectives on Management. GRIN Verlag. pp. 2–3. ISBN 978-3638749251.
44. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g h i j k} Mlecko, Joel D. (1982). “The Guru in Hindu Tradition”. Numen. 29 (1). Brill: 33–61. doi:10.1163/156852782×00132. ISSN 0029-5973. JSTOR 3269931.
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49. ^ Jump up to:^a b c George Michell (1988), The Hindu Temple: An Introduction to Its Meaning and Forms, University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0226532301, pages 58-60
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51. ^ Jump up to:^a b Christopher Partridge (2013), Introduction to World Religions, Augsburg Fortress, ISBN 978-0800699703, page 252
52. ^ William Owen Cole (1982), The Guru in Sikhism, Darton Longman & Todd, ISBN 9780232515091, pages 1-4
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56. ^ Tirtha Goswami Maharaj, A Taste of Transcendence, (2002) p. 161, Mandala Press. ISBN 1-886069-71-9.
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58. ^ Cornille, C. The Guru in Indian Catholicism (1991) p.207. Peeters Publishers ISBN 90-6831-309-6
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60. ^ Varene, Jean. Yoga and the Hindu Tradition (1977). p.226. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-85116-8
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63. ^ The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (4th ed.). Houghton Mifflin. 2000. p. 2031. ISBN 978-0-395-82517-4.
64. ^ Advayataraka Upanishad with Commentaries Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine, Verse 16, Sanskrit
65. ^ G Feuerstein (1989), Yoga, Tarcher, ISBN 978-0874775259, pages 240-243
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68. ^ Krishnamurti, J. The Awakening of Intelligence. (1987) p.139. HarperCollins. ISBN 0-06-064834-1
69. ^ Jump up to:^a b Kranenborg, Reender (Dutch language) Neohindoeïstische bewegingen in Nederland : een encyclopedisch overzicht page 50 (En: Neo-Hindu movements in the Netherlands, published by Kampen Kok cop. (2002) ISBN 90-435-0493-9 Kranenborg, Reender (Dutch language) Neohindoeïstische bewegingen in Nederland : een encyclopedisch overzicht (En: Neo-Hindu movements in the Netherlands, published by Kampen Kok cop. (2002) ISBN 90-435-0493-9 page 50
70. ^ Karen Pechilis (2004), The Graceful Guru, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195145373, pages 25-26
71. ^ Riffard, Pierre A. in Western Esotericism and the Science of Religion Faivre A. & Hanegraaff W. (Eds.) Peeters Publishers( 1988), ISBN 90-429-0630-8
72. ^ Sanskrit original: इदं मे अग्ने कियते पावकामिनते गुरुं भारं न मन्म । बृहद्दधाथ धृषता गभीरं यह्वं पृष्ठं प्रयसा सप्तधातु ॥६॥ – Rigveda 4.5.6 Wikisource
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73. ^ Jump up to:^a b c English Translation: Joel Mlecko (1982), The Guru in Hindu Tradition Numen, Volume 29, Fasc. 1, pages 35-36
74. ^ Paul Deussen, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, Volume 1, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120814684, pages 222-223
75. ^ Taittiriya Upanishad SS Sastri (Translator), The Aitereya and Taittiriya Upanishad, pages 65-67
76. ^ Robert Hume (1921), Shvetashvatara Upanishad 6.23, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads, Oxford University Press, page 411
77. ^ Jump up to:^a b Joel Mlecko (1982), The Guru in Hindu Tradition Numen, Volume 29, Fasc. 1, page 37
78. ^ Shvetashvatara Upanishad 6.23 Wikisource
79. ^ Paul Carus, The Monist at Google Books, pages 514-515
80. ^ Paul Deussen, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, Volume 1, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120814684, page 326
81. ^ Max Muller, Shvetashvatara Upanishad, The Upanishads, Part II, Oxford University Press, page 267
82. ^ Eknath, Easwaran, ed. (2007). The Bhagavad Gita. The classics of Indian spirituality (2nd ed.). Tomales, CA: Nilgiri Press. pp. Chapter 2. ISBN 978-1-58638-019-9.
83. ^ Christopher Key Chapple (Editor) and Winthrop Sargeant (Translator), The Bhagavad Gita: Twenty-fifth–Anniversary Edition, State University of New York Press, ISBN 978-1438428420, page 234
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86. ^ Knut A. Jacobsen (1 January 2008). Theory and Practice of Yoga : ‘Essays in Honour of Gerald James Larson. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 75–76. ISBN 978-81-208-3232-9. Retrieved 28 June 2012.
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88. ^ Sanskrit: शिष्यस्य ज्ञानग्रहणं च लिन्गैर्बुद्ध्वा तदग्रहणहेतूनधर्म लौकिकप्रमादनित्यानित्य(वस्तु) विवेकविषयासञ्जातदृढपूर्वश्रुतत्व-लोक-चिन्तावेक्षण-जात्याद्यभिमानादींस्तत्प्रतिपक्षैः श्रुतिस्मृतिविहितैरपनयेदक्रोधादिभिरहिंसादिभिश्च यमैर्ज्ञानाविरुद्धैश्च नियमैः ॥ ४॥ अमानित्वादिगुणं च ज्ञानोपायं सम्यग् ग्राहयेत् ॥ ५॥ Source;
    English Translation 1: S Jagadananda (Translator, 1949), Upadeshasahasri, Vedanta Press, ISBN 978-8171200597, pages 3-4; OCLC 218363449
    English Translation 2: Śaṅkarācārya; Sengaku Mayeda (2006). A Thousand Teachings: The Upadeśasāhasrī of Śaṅkara. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-8120827714.
89. ^ Karl Potter (2008), Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies Vol. III, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120803107, pages 218-219
90. ^ S Jagadananda (Translator, 1949), Upadeshasahasri, Vedanta Press, ISBN 978-8171200597, page 5; OCLC 218363449
    English Translation 2: Śaṅkarācārya; Sengaku Mayeda (2006). A Thousand Teachings: The Upadeśasāhasrī of Śaṅkara. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-8120827714.
91. ^ Sanskrit: Upadesha sahasri;
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92. ^ Griffin, Mark (2011). Shri Guru Gita (2nd ed.). Hard Light Center of Awakening. ISBN 978-0-975902-07-3.
93. ^ “Guru Purnima: Know the date, origin, theme and significance; all you need to know”. The Indian Express. 2024-07-20. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
94. ^ “Guru Purnima 2024: Date, Auspicious Times, And Traditional Prasad Recipe”. NDTV.com. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
95. ^ Ludo Rocher (2003), The Dharmaśāstas, in The Blackwell Companion to Hinduism (Editor: Gavin Flood), Blackwell Publishing Oxford, ISBN 0-631-21535-2, page 102-104
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97. ^ Jump up to:^a b Samuel Parker (1987), Artistic practice and education in India: A historical overview, Journal of Aesthetic Education, pages 123-141
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103. ^ Hartmut Scharfe (2002), From Temple schools to Universities, in Education in Ancient India: Handbook of Oriental Studies, Brill Academic, ISBN 978-9004125568, pages 173-174
104. ^ Winand Callewaert and Mukunda Lāṭh (1989), The Hindi Songs of Namdev, Peeters Publishers, ISBN 978-906831-107-5, pages 57-59
105. ^ Jump up to:^a b Stella Kramrisch (1994), Exploring India’s Sacred Art (Editor: Barbara Miller), Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120812086, pages 59-66
106. ^ Hartmut Scharfe (2002), “From Temple schools to Universities”, in Education in Ancient India: Handbook of Oriental Studies, Brill Academic, ISBN 978-9004125568, pages 169-171
107. ^ Hartmut Scharfe (2002), “From Temple schools to Universities”, in Education in Ancient India: Handbook of Oriental Studies, Brill Academic, ISBN 978-9004125568, page 175
108. ^ William Pinch (2012), Warrior Ascetics and Indian Empires, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-1107406377, pages 37-38, 141-144, 110-117
     William Pinch, Peasants and Monks in British India, University of California Press, ISBN 978-0520200616, pages 57-78
109. ^ Sunil Kothari and Avinash Pasricha (2001), Kuchipudi, Abhinav Publications, ISBN 978-8170173595, pages 155-170 and chapter on dance-arts related Guru parampara
110. ^ SS Kumar (2010), Bhakti – the Yoga of Love, LIT Verlag, ISBN 978-3643501301, pages 50-51
111. ^ Jump up to:^a b c d Kotha Satchidanda Murthy (1993), Vedic Hermeneutics, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120811058, pages 14-17
112. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Arvind Sharma (2000), Classical Hindu Thought: An Introduction, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195644418, pages 147-158
113. ^ D Chand, Yajurveda, Verses 26.2-26.3, Osmania University, page 270
114. ^ Patrick Olivelle (2004), Manu’s Code of Law, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195171464, pages 353-354, 356-382
115. ^ J Sinha (2014), Psycho-Social Analysis of the Indian Mindset, Springer Academic, ISBN 978-8132218036, page 5
116. ^ Hartmut Scharfe (2007), Education in Ancient India: Handbook of Oriental Studies, Brill Academic, ISBN 978-9004125568, pages 75-79, 102-103, 197-198, 263-276
117. ^ Radha Mookerji (2011), Ancient Indian Education: Brahmanical and Buddhist, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120804234, pages 174-175, 270-271
118. ^ Lise McKean (1996), Divine Enterprise: Gurus and the Hindu Nationalist Movement, University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0226560106, pages 14-22, 57-58
119. ^ John Stratton Hawley (2015), A Storm of Songs: India and the Idea of the Bhakti Movement, Harvard University Press, ISBN 978-0674187467, pages 304-310
120. ^ Richard Kieckhefer and George Bond (1990), Sainthood: Its Manifestations in World Religions, University of California Press, ISBN 978-0520071896, pages 116-122
121. ^ Sheldon Pollock (2009), The Language of the Gods in the World of Men, University of California Press, ISBN 978-0520260030, pages 423-431
122. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Feuerstein, Georg Dr. Encyclopedic dictionary of yoga Published by Paragon House 1st edition (1990) ISBN 1-55778-244-X
123. ^ Vivekananda, Swami (1982). Karma-Yoga and Bhakti-Yoga. Oxford: Ramakrishna-Vivekananda Center. ISBN 9780911206227.
124. ^ Jump up to:^a b Georg Feuerstein (1998), Tantra: The Path of Ecstasy, Shambhala Publications, ISBN 978-1570623042, pages 85-87
125. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Georg Feuerstein (1998), Tantra: The Path of Ecstasy, Shambhala Publications, ISBN 978-1570623042, pages 91-94
126. ^ Jump up to:^a b Georg Feuerstein (2011), The Deeper Dimension of Yoga: Theory and Practice, Shambhala Publications, ISBN 978-1570629358, pages 127-131
127. ^ Ranade, Ramchandra Dattatraya Mysticism in India: The Poet-Saints of Maharashtra, pp.392, SUNY Press, 1983. ISBN 0-87395-669-9
128. ^ Mills, James H. and Sen, Satadru (Eds.), Confronting the Body: The Politics of Physicality in Colonial and Post-Colonial India, pp.23, Anthem Press (2004), ISBN 1-84331-032-5
129. ^ Poewe, Karla O.; Hexham, Irving (1997). New religions as global cultures: making the human sacred. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press. p. 106. ISBN 0-8133-2508-0.
130. ^ “Gurus are not prophets who declare the will of God and appeal to propositions found in a Scripture. Rather, they are said to be greater than God because they lead to God. Gurus have shared the essence of the Absolute and experienced the oneness of being, which endows them with divine powers and the ability to master people and things in this world.”^[87]
131. ^ Rita Gross (1993), Buddhism After Patriarchy, SUNY Press, ISBN 978-0791414033, page 253
132. ^ Strong, John S. (1995). The experience of Buddhism: sources and interpretations. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Pub. Co. p. 76. ISBN 978-0-534-19164-1.
133. ^ Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche (2007), Losing the Clouds, Gaining the Sky: Buddhism and the Natural Mind (Editor: Doris Wolter), Simon & Schuster, ISBN 978-0861713592, pages 72-76
134. ^ “Lama”. Rigpa Wiki. Retrieved 2012-12-26.
135. ^ Jump up to:^a b Alex Wayman (1997), Untying the Knots in Buddhism: Selected Essays, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120813212, pages 206, 205-219
136. ^ Alex Wayman (1997), Untying the Knots in Buddhism: Selected Essays, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120813212, pages 208-209
137. ^ Paul Williams (1989), Mahāyāna Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations, Routledge, ISBN 978-0415025379, pages 247-249
138. ^ Jump up to:^a b John Cort (2011), Jains in the World : Religious Values and Ideology in India, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0199796649, page 100
139. ^ Peter Fl Gel and Peter Flügel (2006), Studies in Jaina History and Culture, Routledge, ISBN 978-1134235520, pages 249-250
140. ^ John Cort (2011), Jains in the World : Religious Values and Ideology in India, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0199796649, pages 111-115
141. ^ “iGurbani – Shabad”. www.igurbani.com. Retrieved 2023-06-20.
142. ^ “iGurbani – Shabad”. www.igurbani.com. p. 650. Retrieved 2023-06-20.
143. ^ Translation 1: Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine, Verses 384-385, page 22; Translation 2
144. ^ Geoffrey Parrinder (1971), World Religions: From Ancient History to the Present, Hamlyn Publishing, page 254, ISBN 978-0-87196-129-7
145. ^ E. Marty, Martin; Appleby R. Scott (1996). Fundamentalisms and the State: Remaking Polities, Economies, and Militance. University of Chicago Press. pp. 278. ISBN 978-0226508849.
146. ^ Bromley, David G., Ph.D. & Anson Shupe, Ph.D., Public Reaction against New Religious Movements article that appeared in Cults and new religious movements: a report of the Committee on Psychiatry and Religion of the American Psychiatric Association, edited by Marc Galanter, M.D., (1989) ISBN 0-89042-212-5
147. ^ Nugteren, Albertina (Tineke) Dr. (Associate professor in the phenomenology and history of Indian religions at the faculty of theology at the university of Tilburg) “Tantric Influences in Western Esotericism”, article that appeared at a 1997 CESNUR conference and that was published in the book New Religions in a Postmodern World edited by Mikael Rothstein and Reender Kranenborg RENNER Studies in New religions Aarhus University press, (2003) ISBN 87-7288-748-6
148. ^ Gressett, Michael J. (November 2006). Forsthoefel, Thomas A.; Humes, Cynthia Ann (eds.). “Gurus in America”. The Journal of Asian Studies. 65 (4). Albany: State University of New York Press: 842–844. doi:10.1017/S0021911806001872.
149. ^ Kranenborg, Reender (Dutch language) Zelfverwerkelijking: oosterse religies binnen een westerse subkultuur (En: Self-realization: eastern religions in a Western Sub-culture, published by Kampen Kok (1974)
150. ^ Jump up to:^a b Kent, Stephen A. Dr. From slogans to mantras: social protest and religious conversion in the late Vietnam war era Syracuse University press ISBN 0-8156-2923-0 (2001)
151. ^ Barrett, D. V. The New Believers – A survey of sects, cults and alternative religions 2001 UK, Cassell & Co. ISBN 0-304-35592-5 entry ISKCON page 287,288
152. ^ “Anti-Cult Movement | Encyclopedia.com”. www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2020-09-08.
153. ^ Kranenborg, Reender (Dutch language) Een nieuw licht op de kerk? Bijdragen van nieuwe religieuze bewegingen voor de kerk van vandaag (En: A new perspective on the church? Contributions of new religious movements for today’s church), the Hague Boekencentrum (1984) ISBN 90-239-0809-0 pp 93-99
154. ^ Abidin, Crystal; Brockington, Dan; Goodman, Michael K.; Mostafanezhad, Mary; Richey, Lisa Ann (2020-10-17). “The Tropes of Celebrity Environmentalism” (PDF). Annual Review of Environment and Resources. 45 (1): 387–410. doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-012320-081703. ISSN 1543-5938.
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156. ^ Uppaluri Gopala (U. G.) Krishnamurti (2002) (Revised ed.) [Originally published 1982. Goa, India: Dinesh Vaghela Cemetile]. The Mystique of Enlightenment: The Radical Ideas of U.G. Krishnamurti. Arms, Rodney ed. Sentient Publications. Paperback. p. 2. ISBN 0-9710786-1-0. Wikisource. Retrieved 2010-08-28.
157. ^ Lane, David C. (1994). “Chapter 12: The Spiritual Crucible”. Exposing Cults: When the Skeptical Mind Confronts the Mystical. Garland Pub. ISBN 978-0815312758. Archived from the original on 2009-10-27.
158. ^ Feuerstein, Georg Dr. The Deeper Dimension of Yoga: Theory and Practice, Shambhala Publications, released on (2003) ISBN 1-57062-928-5
159. ^ Storr, Anthony (1996). Feet of Clay; Saints, Sinners, and Madmen: A Study of Gurus. New York: Free Press. ISBN 0-684-82818-9.
160. ^ Preece, Rob, “The teacher-student relationship” in The Noble Imperfection: The challenge of individuation in Buddhist life, Mudras Publications
161. ^ Deutsch, Alexander M.D. Observations on a sidewalk ashram Archive Gen. Psychiatry 32 (1975) 2, 166-175
162. ^ Deutsch, Alexander M.D. Tenacity of Attachment to a cult leader: a psychiatric perspective American Journal of Psychiatry 137 (1980) 12, 1569-1573.
163. ^ Lans, Jan van der Dr. (Dutch language) Volgelingen van de goeroe: Hedendaagse religieuze bewegingen in Nederland Archived 2005-01-14 at the Wayback Machine, written upon request for the KSGV Archived 2005-02-08 at the Wayback Machine published by Ambo, Baarn, 1981 ISBN 90-263-0521-4
164. ^ Schnabel, Paul Dr. (Dutch language) Between stigma and charisma: new religious movements and mental health Erasmus university Rotterdam, Faculty of Medicine, Ph.D. thesis, ISBN 90-6001-746-3 (Deventer, Van Loghum Slaterus, 1982) Chapter V, page 142
165. ^ Kramer, Joel, and Diana Alstad The guru papers: masks of authoritarian power (1993) ISBN 1-883319-00-5
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